Clinical Integration Mocks 1

You are the principal dentist at your practice.
Today your first patient is a gay patient whose medical history reveals he suffers from Hepatitis B.

1. What precautions would you like to take to protect your staff and other patien1ts from the risk of Hepatitis B?

A. N95 mask

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B. Negative pressure room

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C. Disposable gloves

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D. Last patient of the day

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You are the principal dentist at your practice.
Today your first patient is a gay patient whose medical history reveals he suffers from Hepatitis B.

2. If you would like to test the infectivity of this patient for Hepatitis B, what would you like to test for?

A. HIV antibody

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B. HCV antibody

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C. HBsAg

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D. Anti-HBs

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You are the principal dentist at your practice.
Today your first patient is a gay patient whose medical history reveals he suffers from Hepatitis B.

3. You had a needle-stick injury while treating this patient, after the injury your anti-HBs count is 98mIU/ml?
What do you do:

A. Get assessed by a specialist infectious physician

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Take immunoglobulin within 48-72 hours

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C. Start course of vaccinations

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D. Do nothing

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You are the principal dentist at your practice.
Today your first patient is a gay patient whose medical history reveals he suffers from Hepatitis B.

4. Your staff is already immunized for Hepatitis B, what other vaccines need to be updated?

A. Viral influenza

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. HIV

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Tetanus

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D. Tuberculosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Mr Smith, a 50 year old, presented with severe pain in Tooth 37.
You see the IOPA of Tooth 37 which is grossly carious and the patient wants to proceed for pulpectomy. While taking his medical history he says he has hypertension and is taking his medicines but not regularly.

5. Your next step to manage this case TODAY would be?

A. Pulpectomy

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Give medications to relieve pain

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C. Refer him to GP to get clearance for his hypertension

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Do emergency pulpotomy to relieve pain and then refer to GP

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Give LA without adrenaline and send him to his GP

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Mr Smith, a 50 year old, presented with severe pain in Tooth 37.
You see the IOPA of Tooth 37 which is grossly carious and the patient wants to proceed for pulpectomy. While taking his medical history he says he has hypertension and is taking his medicines but not regularly.

6. In the same patient to confirm the diagnosis, which is the initial diagnostic test that you would do?

A. Percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Palpation

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C. Cold test

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D. IOPA

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E. Biting test

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Mr Smith, a 50 year old, presented with severe pain in Tooth 37.
You see the IOPA of Tooth 37 which is grossly carious and the patient wants to proceed for pulpectomy. While taking his medical history he says he has hypertension and is taking his medicines but not regularly.

7. On further questioning, the patient says he remembers that the tooth hurts while having hot coffee and cold water relieves the pain, based on this information, what condition do you suspect?

A. Acute apical abscess

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Early stage of irreversible pulpitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Pulp necrosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Acute apical periodontitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Chronic apical periodontitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Mr Smith, a 50 year old, presented with severe pain in Tooth 37.
You see the IOPA of Tooth 37 which is grossly carious and the patient wants to proceed for pulpectomy. While taking his medical history he says he has hypertension and is taking his medicines but not regularly.

8. You plan to do a root canal treatment on the tooth to which the patient agreed, what is the most common canal configuration?

A. Two canals in the mesial root and one canal in the distal root

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B. Two canals in the mesial root and two canals in the distal root

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C. One canal in the mesial root and one canal in the distal root

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D. One canal in the mesial root and two canals in the distal root

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Mr Smith, a 50 year old, presented with severe pain in Tooth 37.
You see the IOPA of Tooth 37 which is grossly carious and the patient wants to proceed for pulpectomy. While taking his medical history he says he has hypertension and is taking his medicines but not regularly.

9. The patient says they do not prefer having a Rubber DAM placed while getting the treatment, what should your approach be?

A. Proceed without rubber dam and agree on patient wishes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Do not proceed without rubber dam

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C. Use cotton isolation in place of rubber dam

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D. Convince the patient to get the tooth extracted

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E. Refer the patient to a specialist

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Mr Smith, a 50 year old, presented with severe pain in Tooth 37.
You see the IOPA of Tooth 37 which is grossly carious and the patient wants to proceed for pulpectomy. While taking his medical history he says he has hypertension and is taking his medicines but not regularly.

10. What pain killer would be suitable for this patient post treatment?

A. Ibuprofen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Diclofenac sodium

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C. Paracetamol

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D. Codeine

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E. Naproxen

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Maria is a 45-year-old female patient presented with a painless ulcer on the lateral border of the tongue for the last 20 days. Patient is a grinder and has a recent history of chipped off filling leaving sharp edges next to the ulcer. Maria is a smoker and drinks alcohol regularly. She wants you to smooth out the sharp tooth edges.
Maria is diabetic and on metformin pills.

11. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A. Trauma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Major aphthous ulcer

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C. Squamous cell carcinoma

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D. Basal cell carcinoma

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E. Pemphigus

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Maria is a 45-year-old female patient presented with a painless ulcer on the lateral border of the tongue for the last 20 days. Patient is a grinder and has a recent history of chipped off filling leaving sharp edges next to the ulcer. Maria is a smoker and drinks alcohol regularly. She wants you to smooth out the sharp tooth edges.
Maria is diabetic and on metformin pills.

12. What is/are the essential steps for diagnosis?

A. Inspection and palpation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Referral to GP for blood test

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C. Biopsy

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D. History, examination and review

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Maria is a 45-year-old female patient presented with a painless ulcer on the lateral border of the tongue for the last 20 days. Patient is a grinder and has a recent history of chipped off filling leaving sharp edges next to the ulcer. Maria is a smoker and drinks alcohol regularly. She wants you to smooth out the sharp tooth edges.
Maria is diabetic and on metformin pills.

13. What is your management?

A. Replace the lost filling and review in 2 weeks

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B. Refer to the oral medicine specialist

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C. Smoking cessation advice replace the lost filling and review in 2 weeks

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D. Smoking cessation advice, replace the lost filling and review in 2 weeks and then if it has not resolved refer to the Oral medicine specialist for Biopsy

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Replace the lost filling and prescribe steroid cream

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Maria is a 45-year-old female patient presented with a painless ulcer on the lateral border of the tongue for the last 20 days. Patient is a grinder and has a recent history of chipped off filling leaving sharp edges next to the ulcer. Maria is a smoker and drinks alcohol regularly. She wants you to smooth out the sharp tooth edges.
Maria is diabetic and on metformin pills.

14. Based on the previous history provided and you also get to know that the patient is a smoker and HIV positive what red flag feature are you concerned about the most in this case?

A. Smoking

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B. HIV positive

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C. Sharp edges causing pain

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D. Ulcer occurring in Immunocompromised patient

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E. Duration

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Maria is a 45-year-old female patient presented with a painless ulcer on the lateral border of the tongue for the last 20 days. Patient is a grinder and has a recent history of chipped off filling leaving sharp edges next to the ulcer. Maria is a smoker and drinks alcohol regularly. She wants you to smooth out the sharp tooth edges.
Maria is diabetic and on metformin pills.

15. While you advised Maria to quit smoking, she asked you about Nicotine replacement therapy, NRT, what would you advise her?

A. Nicotine replacement therapy is contraindicated in Australia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Nicotine replacement therapy is legal and available over counter in pharmacies

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Nicotine replacement therapy presents in 3 forms only

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Nicotine replacement therapy can not be used for patients with chili allergies

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Daniel is a 16-year-old who attended your practice with his mother complaining of generalized sensitivity and discomfort basically on the top and bottom back teeth. He reported that sensitivity is exaggerated on chewing and lasts for a few seconds. On examination, you found multiple carious teeth and deep fissures in his teeth. You have explained your findings and the recommended treatment to his mother.

16. Regarding the management of deep defective fissures, all the following are wrong except?

A. Pretreat enamel surface with phosphoric acid for the maximum of 15 seconds is mandatory before pit and fissure sealant

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B. The deep fissures should be treated by unfilled resin bond before you apply the fissure sealant to increase retention

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C. Unfilled resin bond should be cured for 15 to 20 seconds once after applied to the deep fissures

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D. X-ray is mandatory before performing pit and fissure sealant

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E. All the above are correct

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Daniel is a 16-year-old who attended your practice with his mother complaining of generalized sensitivity and discomfort basically on the top and bottom back teeth. He reported that sensitivity is exaggerated on chewing and lasts for a few seconds. On examination, you found multiple carious teeth and deep fissures in his teeth. You have explained your findings and the recommended treatment to his mother.

17. Daniel has MOD caries on tooth #25, and tooth #26 has grade 2 mobility. How will you isolate tooth #25 while placing restoration?

A. Place clamp on 27 and put a wedjet between 23 and 24

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B. Place clamp on 26 and put a wedjet between 25 and 24

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C. Place clamp on 27 and place clamp on 22

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D. Place clamp on 25 and put a wedjet between 24 and 23

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E. Place a clamp on 25 and put a wedjet between 25 and 24

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Daniel is a 16-year-old who attended your practice with his mother complaining of generalized sensitivity and discomfort basically on the top and bottom back teeth. He reported that sensitivity is exaggerated on chewing and lasts for a few seconds. On examination, you found multiple carious teeth and deep fissures in his teeth. You have explained your findings and the recommended treatment to his mother.

18. Caries on tooth #25 are deep on the mesial side of the root. Which matrix band is most appropriate to achieve optimal restoration?

A. Size 1 tofflemire matrix band with tofflemire matrix retainer

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B. Size 2 tofflemire matrix band with tofflemire matrix retainer

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C. Size 3 tofflemire matrix band with tofflemire matrix retainer

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D. Transparent celluloid strip with tofflemire matrix retainer

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E. Transparent celluloid strip holding by hand

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Daniel is a 16-year-old who attended your practice with his mother complaining of generalized sensitivity and discomfort basically on the top and bottom back teeth. He reported that sensitivity is exaggerated on chewing and lasts for a few seconds. On examination, you found multiple carious teeth and deep fissures in his teeth. You have explained your findings and the recommended treatment to his mother.

19. Daniel is also concerned about external discoloration of teeth and wants teeth whitening. When will you recommend teeth whitening to be done?

A. Before all the restorative treatment

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B. After all the restorative treatment

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C. During all restorative treatment

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D. Do not do whitening

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Daniel is a 16-year-old who attended your practice with his mother complaining of generalized sensitivity and discomfort basically on the top and bottom back teeth. He reported that sensitivity is exaggerated on chewing and lasts for a few seconds. On examination, you found multiple carious teeth and deep fissures in his teeth. You have explained your findings and the recommended treatment to his mother.

20. While the whitening procedure of the top front teeth, you have isolated between teeth 25 to 15. You proceed with treatment and after 5 minutes of treatment. Daniel complains of burning gums. You found there is leakage of whitening products to gums. What could be the most likely cause for leakage through the rubber dam?

A. The decreased distance between the punched holes of rubber dam

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B. Increased distance between the punched holes of rubber dam

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C. Increased air and water pressure from triple syringe

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D. Weak and insufficient suction

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E. Excessive saliva secretion

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You are practicing in a dental practice in a rural area.
Yarra is a 45-year-old Torres strait islander patient, who presents to your dental clinic complaining of severe toothache in one of his top right-hand side back teeth.
Upon initial examination, you noticed that tooth #18 has gum swelling, teeth # 16 and 15 have huge cavities, the tooth # 14 has a large and deep amalgam filling. He is living 300 kilometers away.
The patient expresses a desire for extraction of the affected tooth.

21. Yarra reported throbbing pain from hot and cold drinks that lasted for an hour and that he could not sleep last night. Based on the information provided, what are the FIRST important things you should do to reach the appropriate diagnosis?

A. X-ray and percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Percussion and sensibility test

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C. X-ray and sensibility test

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D. Percussion and periodontal chart

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E. Inspection and medical history

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You are practicing in a dental practice in a rural area.
Yarra is a 45-year-old Torres strait islander patient, who presents to your dental clinic complaining of severe toothache in one of his top right-hand side back teeth.
Upon initial examination, you noticed that tooth #18 has gum swelling, teeth # 16 and 15 have huge cavities, the tooth # 14 has a large and deep amalgam filling. He is living 300 kilometers away.
The patient expresses a desire for extraction of the affected tooth.

22. Given the information provided in the scenario, and you diagnosed the patient with irreversible pulpitis of tooth #16, which of the following treatment options will you perform?

A. Extraction of the affected tooth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Root canal treatment (endodontic therapy) of the affected tooth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Administration of antibiotics and painkillers for symptomatic relief

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Placement of a dental filling on the affected tooth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are practicing in a dental practice in a rural area.
Yarra is a 45-year-old Torres strait islander patient, who presents to your dental clinic complaining of severe toothache in one of his top right-hand side back teeth.
Upon initial examination, you noticed that tooth #18 has gum swelling, teeth # 16 and 15 have huge cavities, the tooth # 14 has a large and deep amalgam filling. He is living 300 kilometers away.
The patient expresses a desire for extraction of the affected tooth.

23. Yarra requested antibiotics after the treatment you performed in question 2, what will you do?

A. Advise a combination of antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Advise prophylactic antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Antibiotics may not be necessary

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Discuss with the principal dentist

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are practicing in a dental practice in a rural area.
Yarra is a 45-year-old Torres strait islander patient, who presents to your dental clinic complaining of severe toothache in one of his top right-hand side back teeth.
Upon initial examination, you noticed that tooth #18 has gum swelling, teeth # 16 and 15 have huge cavities, the tooth # 14 has a large and deep amalgam filling. He is living 300 kilometers away.
The patient expresses a desire for extraction of the affected tooth.

24. Two weeks later, he had severe pain, you diagnosed him with localized acute dental abscess of tooth #27. He wants to save the tooth.
What investigation results most likely correlate with the diagnosis?

A. Positive response to sensibility , positive response to percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Positive response to sensibility , negative response to percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Negative response to sensibility , positive response to percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Negative response to sensibility , Negative response to percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are practicing in a dental practice in a rural area.
Yarra is a 45-year-old Torres strait islander patient, who presents to your dental clinic complaining of severe toothache in one of his top right-hand side back teeth.
Upon initial examination, you noticed that tooth #18 has gum swelling, teeth # 16 and 15 have huge cavities, the tooth # 14 has a large and deep amalgam filling. He is living 300 kilometers away.
The patient expresses a desire for extraction of the affected tooth.

25. What will you do next for the tooth #27?

A. RCT + Advise a combination of antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. RCT + Advise prophylactic antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. RCT + Antibiotic is not necessary

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Discuss with the principal dentist

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

26. What advice would you give to reduce dental caries regarding sports drinks?

A. Drink sports drinks before wearing a mouthguard

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B. Replace/substitute sports drinks with water

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C. Drink sugar-free sports drinks

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D. Drink sports drinks at 10-minute intervals

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E. Drink sports drinks while the mouthguard is on

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You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

27. Which mouthguard is the most appropriate for them?

A. Stock

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B. Boil & Bite

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C. Custom-made laminar

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D. Custom-made bilaminar

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E. Custom-made trilaminar

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You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

28. Which mouthguard is the most commonly used type of mouthguard in such players?

A. Stock

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Boil & Bite

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Custom-made laminar

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Custom-made bilaminar

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Custom-made trilaminar

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

29. The most common orofacial injuries experienced in such players?

A. Facial fractures

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B. Jaw fractures

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C. Lacerations to lips, cheeks or tongue

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D. Fractured tooth/root

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E. Loosened tooth/Avulsion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

30. The coaches are concerned about their players’ habit of drinking sports drinks just before they wear the mouthguards. What will this habit cause?

A. Dental trauma

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B. Dental caries

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C. Periodontitis

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D. Erosion

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E. Xerostomia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

31. How frequently should they change their mouthguards?

A. Almost every year

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B. After every dental treatment

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C. When the current one discolor

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D. When they change sports

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E. When color changes

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You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

32. Although the majority of players have been advised to wear a mouthguard, and less than half these numbers wear them during both training and competition. Which of the following will have the BIGGEST impact on players to change their attitude towards the mouthguard?

A. Advice from treating dentist

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Advice from family and friends

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C. Educating the athletes

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D. Changing laws to ensure compulsory mouthguard use

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E. Advice from coaches and managers

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You went for a talk in a rugby sports club belonging to a teenage group of 14-16 years on average.
The coach said kids use mouthguards before every training session and competition. They usually have sports drinks before practice because they need to be hydrated and need electrolytes to sustain themselves on the ground. However, you noticed that kids take sports drinks after putting the mouthguard on.

33. What would you suggest instead for a SNACK for the mid game break?

A. Caramel muesli bar

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B. Yogurt based smoothie

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C. Orange wedges

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D. Apple Slices

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E. Dark chocolate

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A 10 year old child with midline diastema and the parents brought the child for a second opinion as they said that the previous dentist told them that the diastema was due to labial frenum and he recommended to get a frenectomy done.

34. What will you say to them?

A. Agree with the previous dentist

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B. Tell parent without frenectomy it's not possible

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C. You can avoid if you fix the retainer after orthodontic treatment

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D. To avoid frenectomy we can wait until the canine will erupt and the gap may close

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E. We need to do frenectomy before closing the gap to avoid the formation of scar tissue

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 10 year old child with midline diastema and the parents brought the child for a second opinion as they said that the previous dentist told them that the diastema was due to labial frenum and he recommended to get a frenectomy done.

35. If frenectomy is required and also orthodontic treatment, why is orthodontic treatment done before frenectomy?

A. Avoidance of scar tissue becoming an impediment to space closure

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B. Improved surgical access after orthodontic treatment for frenectomy

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C. Impossible to close the space if frenectomy is done first

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D. Frenum can be easy to clean after orthodontic treatment first

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E. Orthodontic treatment is never done before frenectomy

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A 10 year old child with midline diastema and the parents brought the child for a second opinion as they said that the previous dentist told them that the diastema was due to labial frenum and he recommended to get a frenectomy done.

36. Indications for treating a high frenum include the following EXCEPT?

A. A high frenum attachment associated with an area of persistent gingival inflammation that has not responded to root planing and good oral hygiene

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B. A frenum associated with an area of recession that is not progressive

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. A high maxillary frenum and an associated midline diastema that persist after complete eruption of the permanent canines

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D. A mandibular lingual frenum that inhibits the tongue from touching the maxillary central incisors.

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E. None of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 10 year old child with midline diastema and the parents brought the child for a second opinion as they said that the previous dentist told them that the diastema was due to labial frenum and he recommended to get a frenectomy done.

37. The parents had the treatment done from a dentist from another country, and something didn’t go well and they wanted to report that dentist and wanted your opinion on it?

A. Call the dentist and inquire about what happened

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B. Call AHPRA and notify them about the practitioner

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C. Ask them to report him to the reporting authorities of that country

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D. Call ADA and notify them about the practitioner

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E. Tell them nothing can be done and the dentist has done the right thing

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Mother and daughter came to your clinic. Mother is your cousin who you meet at social gatherings and her daughter is your niece.
The child has an avulsed tooth #11 during a football game.
Tooth was kept in a cling wrap beside ice for 6 hours.
Daughter has a Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

38. What is the condition of the PDL cells?

A. PDL cells are most likely viable

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B. PDL cells may be viable but compromised

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C. PDL cells are likely to compromised but low function

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D. PDL cells are likely to be non-viable

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Mother and daughter came to your clinic. Mother is your cousin who you meet at social gatherings and her daughter is your niece.
The child has an avulsed tooth #11 during a football game.
Tooth was kept in a cling wrap beside ice for 6 hours.
Daughter has a Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

39. What advice would you give in case of avulsion in the future?

A. Keep the tooth in a glass of milk

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Replant at the end of football match

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Hold the tooth with the yellow part only

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Keep the tooth in a glass of water

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Mother and daughter came to your clinic. Mother is your cousin who you meet at social gatherings and her daughter is your niece.
The child has an avulsed tooth #11 during a football game.
Tooth was kept in a cling wrap beside ice for 6 hours.
Daughter has a Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

40. The mother wasn’t ready for any negative outcomes associated with the avulsed tooth.
How would you handle the situation?

A. Tell her that you are in a good place to provide oral health care for your niece

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Discuss later at a family gathering

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Refer her to a pediatric dentist

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. She can call you anytime if problems arises

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Inform her that apart from being her cousin, you are also a dentist

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Mother and daughter came to your clinic. Mother is your cousin who you meet at social gatherings and her daughter is your niece.
The child has an avulsed tooth #11 during a football game.
Tooth was kept in a cling wrap beside ice for 6 hours.
Daughter has a Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

41. Mother wants to know how to prevent this from happening again?

A. Wear a custom made mouthguard

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Switch to non contact sports

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Get orthodontic treatment done

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Only play contact sports at school

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Mother and daughter came to your clinic. Mother is your cousin who you meet at social gatherings and her daughter is your niece.
The child has an avulsed tooth #11 during a football game.
Tooth was kept in a cling wrap beside ice for 6 hours.
Daughter has a Class II Division 1 malocclusion.

42. You replant the tooth and decide to splint the tooth.
What type of splint and for how long it should be used?

A. 2 weeks flexible splint

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B. 4 weeks flexible splint

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C. 2 weeks rigid splint

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D. 4 weeks rigid splint

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E. 4 months flexible splint

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A patient presents to you with a complaint of sensitivity to cold drinks and sharp edges of teeth.
No plaque, no caries detected.
She has asthma and takes inhaled corticosteroids beclomethasone for it.
She is a vegetarian and brushes twice a day with toothpaste & uses a soft bristle toothbrush.
She is also into sports activities.

43. What do you think the diagnosis is?

A. Abfraction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Erosion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Attrition

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Abrasion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A patient presents to you with a complaint of sensitivity to cold drinks and sharp edges of teeth.
No plaque, no caries detected.
She has asthma and takes inhaled corticosteroids beclomethasone for it.
She is a vegetarian and brushes twice a day with toothpaste & uses a soft bristle toothbrush.
She is also into sports activities.

44. According to history, what is the cause of her condition?

A. Sports drinks

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Brushing

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Vegetarianism

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Inhaled corticosteroids

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. GERD

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A patient presents to you with a complaint of sensitivity to cold drinks and sharp edges of teeth.
No plaque, no caries detected.
She has asthma and takes inhaled corticosteroids beclomethasone for it.
She is a vegetarian and brushes twice a day with toothpaste & uses a soft bristle toothbrush.
She is also into sports activities.

45. How could she prevent this from worsening?

A. Include meat in diet

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Change her inhaled corticosteroids

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Use electric toothbrush

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Take antacid mouthwash

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A patient presents to you with a complaint of sensitivity to cold drinks and sharp edges of teeth.
No plaque, no caries detected.
She has asthma and takes inhaled corticosteroids beclomethasone for it.
She is a vegetarian and brushes twice a day with toothpaste & uses a soft bristle toothbrush.
She is also into sports activities.

46. How do you know the diagnosis you mentioned in Question 43 is still active?

A. Patient has good oral hygiene

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Dentine is not stained

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Gingival health seems good

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Enamel is not chipped off

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 34-year-old male patient presented with an implant replacing the upper right central incisor tooth.
The implant had been restored with a crown 12 months previously. On presentation, slight oedematous swelling and loss of stippling of the marginal peri-implant mucosa was noted. A probing pocket depth of 3mm was found on gentle probing of the peri-implant pocket. Within a minute of probing the pocket, bleeding was noted. Radiographic examination confirmed that there was no loss of crestal bone.

47. On the basis of the information provided, the diagnosis is?

A. Peri-implant mucositis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Peri-implantitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Acute abscess associated with peri-implantitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Acute abscess associated with peri-implantitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 34-year-old male patient presented with an implant replacing the upper right central incisor tooth.
The implant had been restored with a crown 12 months previously. On presentation, slight oedematous swelling and loss of stippling of the marginal peri-implant mucosa was noted. A probing pocket depth of 3mm was found on gentle probing of the peri-implant pocket. Within a minute of probing the pocket, bleeding was noted. Radiographic examination confirmed that there was no loss of crestal bone.

48. Treatment carried out should include?

A. Non Surgical debridement of the implant & providing oral hygiene advice

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Non surgical debridement of the implant & course of antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Open flap debridement & course of antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Referral to specialist for surgical intervention

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 34-year-old male patient presented with an implant replacing the upper right central incisor tooth.
The implant had been restored with a crown 12 months previously. On presentation, slight oedematous swelling and loss of stippling of the marginal peri-implant mucosa was noted. A probing pocket depth of 3mm was found on gentle probing of the peri-implant pocket. Within a minute of probing the pocket, bleeding was noted. Radiographic examination confirmed that there was no loss of crestal bone.

49. Which type of instruments will you use for cleaning around implants?

A. Plastic

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Titanium

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Stainless steel

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Metal

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Ceramic

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 34-year-old male patient presented with an implant replacing the upper right central incisor tooth.
The implant had been restored with a crown 12 months previously. On presentation, slight oedematous swelling and loss of stippling of the marginal peri-implant mucosa was noted. A probing pocket depth of 3mm was found on gentle probing of the peri-implant pocket. Within a minute of probing the pocket, bleeding was noted. Radiographic examination confirmed that there was no loss of crestal bone.

50. What type of floss is recommended to be used around implants?

A. Super Floss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Floss threaders

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Floss picks

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Dental floss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Tape floss

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 34-year-old male patient presented with an implant replacing the upper right central incisor tooth.
The implant had been restored with a crown 12 months previously. On presentation, slight oedematous swelling and loss of stippling of the marginal peri-implant mucosa was noted. A probing pocket depth of 3mm was found on gentle probing of the peri-implant pocket. Within a minute of probing the pocket, bleeding was noted. Radiographic examination confirmed that there was no loss of crestal bone.

51. Peri-implant disease is more likely in all cases except?

A. Smoker

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. History of periodontitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Poor oral hygiene

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Controlled diabetes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Lack of maintenance visits

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are in discussion with your principal dentist regarding the use of antibiotics in dentistry and antibiotics resistance.

52. Select the incorrect response regarding antibiotic resistance?

A. Antibiotic resistance patterns vary by country and location

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. The driving factor for the development and selection of antibiotic resistance is antibiotic use

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. The development of resistance depends on a range of factors including local antibiotic use (in both humans, animals and agriculture), availability and use of antibiotics

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Antibiotic resistance is not relevant to dentistry as antibiotics are not prescribed as often compared to medical practitioners

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Factors such as patient adherence to the medication regimen, malnutrition, financial incentives for antibiotic sales and overcrowding in urban areas contribute to the development and affect patterns of antibiotic resistance

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are in discussion with your principal dentist regarding the use of antibiotics in dentistry and antibiotics resistance.

53. Select the correct statement about the first-line recommendation for acute odontogenic infections if treatment is not performed today?

A. For a spreading odontogenic infection, the first-line recommendation is metronidazole with phenoxymethylpenicillin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. For a spreading odontogenic infection, the first-line recommendation is metronidazole only

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. For a spreading odontogenic infection, the first-line recommendation is phenoxymethylpenicillin only

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. For a spreading odontogenic infection, the first-line recommendation is amoxicillin only

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. For a spreading odontogenic infection, the first-line recommendation is amoxicillin with clavulanic acid

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are in discussion with your principal dentist regarding the use of antibiotics in dentistry and antibiotics resistance.

54. Select the incorrect statement about principles of antibiotic stewardship and susceptibility?

A. Antibiotic stewardship programs aim to promote the safe and appropriate use of antimicrobial agents, while curtailing the incidence of antimicrobial resistance

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. The key principle of antibiotic stewardship for dentists is responsible prescribing, involving prescribing only when necessary, and choosing an antibiotic with the narrowest, but appropriate spectrum with an appropriate regimen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Broad-spectrum antibiotics select for a narrower range of bacteria compared to narrow-spectrum agents

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. There is a prevalence of anaerobic bacteria in patients with severe deep space infections who require hospitalization

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile of anaerobic bacteria differs remarkably between different European countries

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are in discussion with your principal dentist regarding the use of antibiotics in dentistry and antibiotics resistance.

55. In conjunction with dental treatment, in which clinical scenario should antibiotics be prescribed in dentistry?

A. Pulp necrosis with an extra-oral swelling

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Irreversible pulpitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Alveolar osteitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Localized pulp necrosis with periapical periodontitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Acute gingivitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

You are in discussion with your principal dentist regarding the use of antibiotics in dentistry and antibiotics resistance.

56. Adverse effects or consequences of antibiotic use do NOT include:

A. A dysbiosis- “imbalance” in the gut microbial community

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. A reduction in the number and diversity of microorganisms within the body’s microbiome

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Constipation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. An increase in colonization resistance against invading pathogens

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Conservative pulp therapy is an alternative treatment option to tooth removal and root canal treatment in the management of deep caries, traumatic pulp exposures and developmental anomalies. Pulp tissue preservation can extend the long-term survival of teeth through relatively simple restorative procedures.

57. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. A-fibre pain is well-localized

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. A-fibre pain is dull

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. C-fibre pain is often associated with referred pain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. C-fibres are resistant to hypoxia

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. A-fibres are located peripherally at the dentine–pulp junction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Conservative pulp therapy is an alternative treatment option to tooth removal and root canal treatment in the management of deep caries, traumatic pulp exposures and developmental anomalies. Pulp tissue preservation can extend the long-term survival of teeth through relatively simple restorative procedures.

58. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?

A. Irreversible pulpitis can develop with radiographic signs of apical periodontitis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Pulp sensibility tests are useful in the localization and diagnosis of symptomatic teeth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Laser Doppler flowmetry assesses pulp vitality via measurement of A-fibre excitation patterns

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Spontaneous pain is usually absent with ‘reversible pulpitis’

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Pain lingers to hot/cold with ‘irreversible pulpitis’

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Conservative pulp therapy is an alternative treatment option to tooth removal and root canal treatment in the management of deep caries, traumatic pulp exposures and developmental anomalies. Pulp tissue preservation can extend the long-term survival of teeth through relatively simple restorative procedures.

59. What are the most appropriate indicators for ‘full pulpotomy’?

A. History of pulpal pain with a provisional diagnosis of ‘reversible pulpitis’

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Non-carious exposure with haemostasis that is controlled in less than 5 minutes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Provisional diagnosis of ‘reversible pulpitis’ but with a carious, contaminated or traumatic exposure with haemostasis that is controlled within 5 min.

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. A provisional diagnosis of ‘reversible pulpitis’ but following a carious, contaminated or traumatic exposure haemostasis is not controlled within 5 min.

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Observation of a necrotic pulp

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Conservative pulp therapy is an alternative treatment option to tooth removal and root canal treatment in the management of deep caries, traumatic pulp exposures and developmental anomalies. Pulp tissue preservation can extend the long-term survival of teeth through relatively simple restorative procedures.

60. Which of the following statements is true?

A. Electric pulp testing is not affected by restorations

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Electric pulp testing is reliable in immature permanent teeth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Orthodontic tooth movement can reduce or eliminate response to electric pulp testing during orthodontic treatment

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Cold tests are 100% accurate in determining pulp vitality

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Electric pulp testing is 100% accurate for teeth that have pulp canal calcification

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Conservative pulp therapy is an alternative treatment option to tooth removal and root canal treatment in the management of deep caries, traumatic pulp exposures and developmental anomalies. Pulp tissue preservation can extend the long-term survival of teeth through relatively simple restorative procedures.

61. Which of the following statements is true?

A. In vital teeth, pulp inflammation and necrosis often continues beyond the coronal pulp into radicular tissue

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. The severity of response to pulp sensitivity tests reliably predicts the extent to which inflammation or necrosis has spread through pulp tissues

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Direct pulp observation remains the gold standard in diagnosing pulp vitality

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Pulpotomy should never be considered a treatment option for a provisional diagnosis of ‘irreversible pulpitis’ prior to treatment

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. The patient age, gender and the presence of pre-operative periapical lesions have a significant effect on the outcome of root canal treatment

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

62. Will you give prophylactic antibiotics to Mr Marwin prior to extraction of tooth 36?

A. Yes, as he is from Torres Strait Islanders

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Yes, as he is on Warfarin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Yes, as he has a history of cigarette smoking

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Yes, as it is a difficult extraction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. No

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

63. In which scenario below is prophylactic antibiotic indicated?

A. Extraction in a patient having a mitral valve prolapse

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Extraction in a patient having a prosthetic cardiac valve

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Extraction in a patient having cardiac implantable electronic devices

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Extraction in a patient having uncontrolled diabetes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Extraction in a patient having breast implants

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

64. You decided to extract the tooth and in planning for the procedure you find that the patient’s International normalized ratio (INR) is 2.4.
What is the most appropriate action to take at this time?

A. Proceed with the extraction and provide appropriate post-operative instructions

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Proceed with the extraction and suggest that the patient stop their warfarin for 3 days

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Suggest that the patient stop their warfarin and commence taking 125 mg aspirin before returning in 3 days to have the tooth removed

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Consult the patient’s cardiologist to discuss stopping their warfarin treatment

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Refer to patient to a consultant Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon who is best placed to manage complex surgical problems such as this

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

65. What method will you use to extract the involved tooth 36?

A. Simple forceps extraction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Simple forceps extraction with figure of 8 movement

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Sectioning the tooth buccolingually

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Sectioning the tooth mesiodistally

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Using dental elevators alone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

66. What is a major risk in extracting such a tooth?

A. Damage to adjacent tooth

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Delayed healing

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Fracture

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Nerve injury

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Oroantral communication

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

67. Which of the following if present would justify giving this patient post operative antibiotics?

A. Pain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Localized swelling on the gum

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Facial swelling

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Tooth is tender to percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Presence of periapical radiolucency

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

68. Following extraction, what would be the best replacement option?

A. Immediate placement and immediate restoration with a dental implant

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Replacement with an immediate removable partial denture

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Replacement with a removable partial denture after the extraction site has healed

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Replacement with a fixed bridge

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. No replacement until the patient has had an opportunity to assess their functional and aesthetic concerns

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

69. You extracted the tooth, the patient presented the next day with some swelling, what should you do?

A. Reassure the patient

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Use an obtundent dressing

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Draining of the pus

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Consider using antibiotic therapy

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Refer the patient to an oral surgeon

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

70. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes.
According to the evidence, the most important smoking cessation tool is?

A. Combined therapies (prescribed medications and behavioral counseling)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Behavior counseling

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Prescribed medications

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. E-cigarettes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

71. Which of the following is true regarding the recommended advice dentists should provide patients regarding E-cigarette use?

A. E-cigarettes can be used as a smoking cessation tool in isolation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Patients using E-cigarettes for cessation purposes should use them in conjunction with evidence-based behavioral therapies and counseling

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. E-cigarettes can be used as a ‘harm reduction’ tool or substitute for conventional cigarette smoking

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Dual usage (both E-cigarettes and conventional cigarette use) is recommended as a cessation tool

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

72. What is the effect of E-cigarettes on the oral microbiome in relation to conventional cigarettes?

A. Early investigations show E-cigarettes have less effect than conventional cigarettes on inhibition of the growth of oral commensal streptococci

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. There is no difference between the effect of E-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes on oral microbiome diversity

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. E-cigarettes have a greater effect on microbiome diversity and relative abundance of streptococci compared to conventional cigarettes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. There is no evidence to differentiate between the oral effects of E-cigarettes and conventional cigarettes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

Your next patient, Mr Marwin is from Torres Strait Islanders.
You plan for extraction of a grossly carious asymptomatic tooth #36.
The patient has a history of root canal treatment on this particular tooth.
He is receiving warfarin as part of the management of his atrial fibrillation. The patient was an active smoker but stopped TWO months ago and started to use e-cigarettes as a smoking cessation tool.
You obtain a periapical radiograph.

73. Which of the following statements represents appropriate clinical management regarding post-dental extraction instructions?

A. Patients should refrain from smoking or vaping for as long as possible after oral surgery

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. E-cigarette vaping can continue following dental extractions

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Post-operative prescribing of antibiotics should occur if patients are smokers or vapers

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Patients have an increased risk of dry socket if they do not refrain from use of E-cigarettes postextraction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

5 year old Martina presented to you with her mother.
The child has been complaining of pain since the last 3 days on her lower left side.
The mum tells you she doesn’t provide tap water to her child as she is scared the fluoride in it is associated with adverse general health outcomes.
She is also not sure to commence fluoridated toothpaste usage for her child.

74. Which investigation would be most relevant to get to the diagnosis?

A. History from the child

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Pulp sensibility testing

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Percussion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. IOPA

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. OPG

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

5 year old Martina presented to you with her mother.
The child has been complaining of pain since the last 3 days on her lower left side.
The mum tells you she doesn’t provide tap water to her child as she is scared the fluoride in it is associated with adverse general health outcomes.
She is also not sure to commence fluoridated toothpaste usage for her child.

75. If it is decided, the tooth needs endodontic treatment, which of the following would be the most desirable definitive restoration?

A. Amalgam

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. GIC

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Composite

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. SS Crown

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. RMGIC

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

5 year old Martina presented to you with her mother.
The child has been complaining of pain since the last 3 days on her lower left side.
The mum tells you she doesn’t provide tap water to her child as she is scared the fluoride in it is associated with adverse general health outcomes.
She is also not sure to commence fluoridated toothpaste usage for her child.

76. Water fluoridation at current Australian levels has been continuously supported because it has been found?

A. Not associated with adverse general health outcomes

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Effective in preventing dental caries in children

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Cost-effective

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Associated with a positive impact on socioeconomic inequalities in oral health

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. All of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

5 year old Martina presented to you with her mother.
The child has been complaining of pain since the last 3 days on her lower left side.
The mum tells you she doesn’t provide tap water to her child as she is scared the fluoride in it is associated with adverse general health outcomes.
She is also not sure to commence fluoridated toothpaste usage for her child.

77. At what age is it recommended to commence fluoridated toothpaste use?

A. As soon as the first primary tooth erupts

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. During the age of 18–30 months

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. When children are aged 6 years or more

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. As soon as the first permanent tooth erupts

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. When children can spit out

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

5 year old Martina presented to you with her mother.
The child has been complaining of pain since the last 3 days on her lower left side.
The mum tells you she doesn’t provide tap water to her child as she is scared the fluoride in it is associated with adverse general health outcomes.
She is also not sure to commence fluoridated toothpaste usage for her child.

78. You also recommend a fluoride varnish treatment for Martina.
Fluoride varnish is recommended for people who have an elevated risk of developing caries, including children under the age of 10 years because?

A. It is effective in preventing coronal caries

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. It is relatively easy to apply

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. It is relatively safe

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. It is effective in preventing root caries

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. All of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

79. You categorize the patient as having temporomandibular disorders, Which disorder fits the case description most closely?

A. Myofascial pain & dysfunction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Internal derangement with reduction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Internal derangement without reduction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Osteoarthrosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

80. If you would like to look closely at internal derangement of the articular disc, which would be the best investigation modality?

A. High level orthopantomograms

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Magnetic resonance imaging

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Cone-beam CT-scans

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Occlusal views

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

81. What initial treatment plan for the above patient should be incorporated?

A. Temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis and arthroscopy

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Non-surgical methods of reducing pain and discomfort

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Open joint surgical procedures

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Occlusal splint therapy alone

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

82. What habit of the patient would you like her to stop in regards to the problem she is suffering from?

A. Smoking

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Chewing gum

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Alcohol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Sports

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

83. You found the patient also has multiple class II cavities that you would like to restore, what aid should be used while treating such a patient?

A. Rubber dam

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Mouth prop

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Sectional matrix system

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. High-volume evacuator

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

84. The most important feature of TMD is?

A. Pain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Worn down dentition

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Joint noises during jaw movement

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Limited jaw movement

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

85. Which factors are responsible for a greater effect on the prognosis of a patient with TMD?

A. Parafunctional activities

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Psychosocial dysfunction and psychological distress

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Observable jaw dysfunction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Previous jaw injuries

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

86. Oral appliances fabricated for the management of TMD are effective for?

A. Improving occlusal disharmony

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Changing skeletal disharmony

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Reducing parafunctional habits

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. None of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

87. Which factor is not considered as being related to a high risk for developing TMD?

A. History of trauma

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Chronic pain conditions

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Malocclusion

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Report of joint pain or joint sounds

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

88. Your next patient who also has TMD, presents with clicking in her right temporomandibular joint (TMJ) for the last six months. She does not have any pain or limitation of her mouth opening. Clinical examination does not reveal an odontogenic cause. What does this condition most likely represent?

A. TMJ ankylosis

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Fracture of the mandibular condyle

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Internal derangement of TMJ

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Myofascial pain

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 30-year-old female patient complains of pain in front of both her ears and headache for a few weeks. The pain is more severe when she gets up in the morning and increases while she is at work.
She smokes around 5 cigarettes a day, drinks socially on weekends and has a habit of chewing gum while at work. She likes to play sports during the weekends.
She had her left lower 2nd molar extracted 3 years ago, was advised about its replacement, but did not return to the dentist because she says “I am very busy at work and had no spare time”. She now chews more on her right side.
Upon examination there is diffuse tenderness of the masticatory muscles, limitation in jaw opening and deviation of the mandible to the right side during mouth opening. There is no clicking sound from either joint.
Teeth show wear facets, missing left mandibular 2nd molar, mesial migration of the 3rd molar.
Radiographs of the TMJ do not show any abnormality.

89. In relation to muscle of mastication, which one is the attributed cause of TMJ clicking?

A. Lateral pterygoid

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Medial pterygoid

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Buccinator

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Masseter

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

90. An example of a novel oral anti-platelet drug is?

A. Aspirin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Dipyridamole

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Prasugrel

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Dabigatran

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Warfarin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

91. Clopidogrel (Plavix) is an?

A. Oral anticoagulant drug

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Injectable anticoagulant drug

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Antiplatelet drug

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. None of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

92. Which of the following is NOT an important patient-related factor that increases the risk of prolonged bleeding from an oral or dental procedure in patients taking antithrombotic drugs?

A. Elevated blood pressure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Abnormal kidney or liver function

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Patients on selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Prior stroke

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. None of the above

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

93. You placed this patient in the category of higher risk of prolonged bleeding following oral and dental procedures, Why?

A. Prosthetic cardiac valve

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Surgical extraction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Allergic to penicillin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

94. What medication must this patient be given before surgery?

A. Lorazepam 1 mg given orally one hour before the procedure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Doxycycline 100mg given orally one hour before the procedure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Amoxicillin 2 g given orally one hour before the procedure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. No medication needs to be given before the procedure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

95. If Clopidogrel (Plavix) is stopped before surgery, what is the risk associated?

A. Increases the chances of infection after surgery

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Increases the risk of myocardial infarction

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Increased bleeding after surgery

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Great post operative pain anticipated

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

96. What management protocol will you follow for this patient?

A. Proceed with the procedure

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Proceed with the procedure & ask the patient to stop medications for 2 days

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Proceed with the procedure with a tranexamic acid protocol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Proceed with the procedure & consider the current international normalized ratio (INR)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Consider specialist referral

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

97. Patient says he does not want to proceed ahead today and wants pain relief medication now until he decides, which medication will you consider?

A. Ibuprofen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Naproxen

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Paracetamol

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Aspirin

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

98. Which of the following properties is not characteristic of warfarin?

A. Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Warfarin requires regular monitoring as measured by the INR

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. The plasma levels of warfarin are affected by dietary vitamin K

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Warfarin has many drug interactions

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. Warfarin is not highly plasma protein bound

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

99. Which of the following statements about the direct oral anticoagulants is not correct?

A. Dabigatran is a direct thrombin inhibitor

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. Apixaban and Rivaroxaban are Factor Xa inhibitors

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. They all do not require monitoring of their anticoagulant effect

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. Their pharmacokinetics are relatively predictable

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. An antidote is currently available in Australia for all three DOACs

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

A 55-year-old male presents to the dental clinic with a chief complaint of ‘pain in the right upper back teeth’.
Clinical examination shows the maxillary right 1st and 2nd molars to be grossly decayed.
The patient was admitted 2 years ago in the hospital and had a prosthetic cardiac valve placed, currently using Clopidogrel (Plavix).
He gives no other medical history of significance except that it was found that during the last hospital visit he is allergic to penicillin.
A complete surgical extraction is planned for the two maxillary molars.

100. Which statement about the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors is not correct?

A. They are used for many indications aside from depression, such as anxiety and other behavioral disorders

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

B. The mechanism by which they increase a patient’s bleeding risk is thought to be by inhibiting serotonin reuptake into platelets, thereby inhibiting platelet aggregation

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

C. Serotonin has a vasoconstrictive effect on the arteries in the central nervous system

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

D. SSRIs are likely to cause a clinical bleeding risk in isolation (for a patient with no other medications/medical conditions)

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

E. If SSRIs need to be stopped, it should always be done under medical supervision.

Correct Incorrect Correct answer

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