Infection control mock exam

1. Transmission-based Precautions mean-

A. Additional infection prevention and control measures which add to the standard precautions

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B. Not specific to the infectious agent concerned

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C. Infection prevention and control strategies applied to all non-surgical procedures in dentistry

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D. Applied to all surgical procedures and consists of additional precautions

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2. Blood-borne Viruses (BBVs) include all EXCEPT-

A. Hepatitis B virus

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B. Measles

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C. Hepatitis C virus

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D. Human immunodeficiency virus

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3. Bowie-Dick Test is-

A. Used to test air removal and steam penetration in hollow loads

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B. A challenge test that assesses air removal and steam penetration for porous loads

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C. Device used widely for sterilizing instruments in office-based dental practices

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D. Identification of which size and style of P2 respirator is suitable for an individual, usually by a trained operator

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4. Droplet transmission can occur-

A. When dental staff or others inhale small particles containing infectious agents

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B. Can occur when hands become contaminated with respiratory droplets and transferred to susceptible mucosal surfaces

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C. Primarily by blood-to-blood contact

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D. None of the above

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5. For HIV/AIDS, the risk of transmission from an infected patient to a HCW (Health care worker) by a contaminated penetrating injury is on average-

A. 0.3%

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B. 3%

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C. 30%

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D. 50%

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6. Use of P2 (N95) surgical respirators is an example of-

A. Droplet precautions

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B. Airborne precautions

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C. BBVs precautions

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D. Standard Precautions

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7. Standard precautions are the basic processes of infection prevention and control used to minimize the risk of transmission of infection. They include all EXCEPT-

A. Using personal protective barriers such as gloves, masks, eye protection, and gowns

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B. Use of negatively pressurized rooms

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C. Appropriately reprocessing reusable instruments

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D. Appropriately handling sharps

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8. What is NOT true for patients with viral influenza-

A. Non-urgent treatment should be delayed or postponed

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B. Transmission based precautions must be followed

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C. Patient is seen as the last patient of the day

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D. Allowing 30 minutes of fallow-time before the room is used for further procedures on the same day

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E. None of the above

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9. Dental practitioners have a professional and ethical responsibility to know their status for BBVs.
CDNA-Communicable Diseases Network Australia Guidelines stipulate that all HCWs who perform exposure prone procedures (EPPs) should be tested at least-

A. Once every year

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B. Once every two years

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C. Once every three years

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D. Once every five years

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10. Your patient scheduled for extraction has an active Hepatitis B infection, what should you do-

A. Follow standard precautions

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B. Refuse to treat as its your right to refuse

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C. Provide symptomatic treatment only

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D. Refer to a specialist for extraction

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11. Regarding Blood-borne Viruses (BBVs) and according to the CDNA Guidelines, what is not TRUE-

A. Diagnosis with a BBV no longer limits the clinical practice of HCWs who perform EPPs

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B. HCWs who are HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) positive are permitted to perform EPPs if they have a viral load below 200 International Units (IU)/mL

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C. HCWs can perform EPPs while they are HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) positive

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D. HCWs who are HIV positive are permitted to perform EPPs if they have a viral load below 200 copies/mL

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E. All of the above

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12. EPPs in dentistry increase the risk of BBV transmission from either an infected HCW or an infected patient, what is true regarding it-

A. Patients with hepatitis B, C, or HIV are treated using transmission based precautions

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B. HCWs are at greater risk of acquiring infections than are dental patients

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C. When applying for or renewing their registration, dental practitioners need not to declare that they are aware of their infection status for BBVs

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D. All of the above

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13. What is true regarding Alcohol-Based Hand Rub (ABHR)-

A. ABHR is applied onto dry hands and rubbed on for 50 seconds for regular hand hygiene

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B. ABHRs removes skin lipids and they do not require paper towel for drying

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C. Is much less irritating and drying to the skin than using soap and water

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D. All of the above

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14. In which of the below situations, handwashing is needed, rather than ABHR-

A. At the start of a working session

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B. At the end of a session, when leaving for a meal or other break, or at the end of the day

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C. After toilet breaks

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D. Whenever they are visibly dirty, contaminated with proteinaceous material, or visibly soiled with blood or other body fluids

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E. All of the above

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15. Regarding Hand hygiene, which statement is NOT correct-

A. Bottles of ABHR should not be ‘topped up’

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B. Handwashing should be undertaken in dedicated sinks located in the contaminated zone

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C. ABHR can be used as often as is required. However, a compatible water-based moisturizer should be applied, as required, up to four times per day

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D. Keeping nails short prevents them from puncturing gloves and makes hand hygiene easier to perform

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16. Wearing Gloves is an integral part of the Personal protective equipment (PPE), which statement regarding it is NOT true-

A. To protect the skin of the wearer, the glove must cover the hand and wrist region

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B. Non-sterile examination gloves are to be worn for non-surgical (semi-critical) general dental procedures

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C. Heat-resistant gloves gloves must be used during manual cleaning of instruments in the sink

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D. Wearing gloves does not replace the need for hand hygiene

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17. Masks are an essential item of PPE; wearing a mask forms part of standard precautions, which statement below best describes the use of a mask in a dental environment-

A. Any procedure using a powered dental handpiece, irrigation or a triplex syringe requires the use of a mask with at least level 1 splash protection

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B. Earloop masks provides greater filtration than masks with two ties

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C. Masks must be put on before performing hand hygiene and donning gloves prior to a procedure

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D. Masks must be removed while touching the front of the mask

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18. Eye protection is important for the Health care worker and the patient, which statement is NOT true regarding the use of eye protection in a dental setting-

A. It is essential that eyewear be shielded at the sides

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B. Prescription lenses worn for vision correction are a substitute for protective eyewear

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C. If patients refuse to wear protective eyewear, the risks should be explained, and refusal noted in their dental records

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D. Reusable eyewear for patients is treated as a noncritical item and is cleaned with detergent

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19. Protective clothing helps in preventing the spread of germs from the patient to the health care worker. Which statement is INCORRECT-

A. It is not necessary to wear a suitable layer of protective clothing on top of scrubs which are worn as an everyday practice uniform throughout the clinic

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B. Disposable gowns with long sleeves should be changed after every patient

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C. Dental practitioners and clinical support staff should wear enclosed footwear

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D. Protective coats or gowns that have been worn in the clinical area must be removed before taking a meal break

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E. Disposable sterile surgical gowns are suitable for use for oral surgery as a single-patient-use item

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20. Select the statement which is NOT true for Surgical procedures and surgical aseptic technique-

A. The principles of the surgical aseptic technique must be applied to all surgical procedures undertaken in the dental practice setting

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B. For surgical hand hygiene, the appropriate and preferred method is the application of a hand gel that is formulated specifically for surgical hand hygiene and uses less rubbing time

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C. There is a defined working field, with sterile drapes

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D. All instruments that enter tissue are sterile at the point of use, and have been wrapped, with the use of batch control identification

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21. You are about to start an extraction of a grossly decayed upper right 1st premolar. You need to incise the soft tissue.
How should the scalpel be provided to you by the assistant-

A. By hand

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B. In a cassette

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C. In a plastic bag

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D. Wrapped in a cotton gauze

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22. You have given an inferior alveolar block for the root canal of tooth # 46.
Who is responsible for the sharps management of the used needle-

A. Dental assistant

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B. Dentist

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C. Auxiliary staff member

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D. Patient

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23. Which of the below statements is a violation of SHARPS management protocol that should be followed in a dental setting-

A. Instruments and sharp items must be carried from the surgery to the reprocessing area in a lidded puncture-resistant container

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B. Contaminated needles must never be bent by hand

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C. Any sharp item labeled as single-use must be discarded at the end of the day into a sharps container

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D. Do not locate sharps bins above sinks or waste bins

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E. Burs should be removed from handpieces before disconnecting the handpiece from the dental unit

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24. You have extracted tooth #26 for a patient, in which waste should this extracted tooth go into-

A. Medical waste

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B. General waste

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C. Sharps containers

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D. Sealed sterilizer pouch

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25. A range of environmental controls can be used to reduce the risk of transmission of infectious agents in the dental practice.
Which statement is NOT true in regards to it-

A. Workflow for instruments and materials must be from the clean zone to the contaminated zone

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B. Dental assistants should put on new gloves for cleaning work surfaces during the changeover between patients

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C. Carpet is acceptable in the waiting room and office areas

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D. After gloving, staff may move from the contaminated zone to the clean zone but never in the reverse direction

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26. An appointment is underway, you are performing restorative work, you want to retrieve an instrument from a drawer, what should you do-

A. Perform hand hygiene & retrieve

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B. Remove gloves, perform hand hygiene & retrieve

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C. Use Double Gloves

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D. Open drawers by elbow touch

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E. Retrieve item with transfer tweezers

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27. You plan on doing a composite restoration for tooth #45 using packable composite.
Which of the following is the best practice to avoid contamination-

A. Place composite tube on bracket table

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B. Place composite tube on bracket table with barrier protection

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C. Pre-dispense in small container from composite tube

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D. Ask the assistant to hold the composite tube

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E. Ask the patient to hold the composite tube

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28. Once used, glass local anesthetic cartridges or carpules must be disposed of in-

A. Medical Waste

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B. General Waste

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C. Sharps container

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D. Transferred for sterilization

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29. Water Lines from any device connected to the dental water system that enters the patient’s mouth-

A. Should be flushed for a minimum of 10 minutes at the start of the day

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B. Should be flushed for a minimum of 5 minutes at the start of the day

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C. Should be flushed for at least 30 seconds between patients

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D. Should be flushed for at least 60 seconds between patients

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30. In regards to water for tooth irrigation during cavity preparation and for ultrasonic scaling, which statement is NOT correct-

A. Use sterile saline as a coolant

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B. Should be of no less than potable standard

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C. Number of bacteria in water used as a coolant/irrigant for non-surgical dental procedures should be less than 200 CFU/mL

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D. It is good practice to test microbial levels in water from dental unit waterlines on a regular basis

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31. Single-use items which should be discarded after the patient and not reused include all of the following EXCEPT-

A. Suture materials

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B. Matrix bands

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C. Surgical burs

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D. Stainless steel endodontic files

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E. Micro-brushes

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32. The Spaulding classification describes three instrument/risk categories each of which has specific reprocessing requirements.
Dental tweezers falls under which category-

A. Critical

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B. Semi-critical

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C. Non-critical

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D. None of the above

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33. Batch control identification & details of the batch numbers must be recorded in the patient’s notes for which instrument/risk categories-

A. Critical

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B. Semi-critical

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C. Non-critical

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D. All of the above

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34. Compulsory PPE requirements during instrument cleaning in the reprocessing area include all of the following EXCEPT-

A. Heavy-duty utility gloves

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B. Eye protection

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C. Fluid-resistant gown

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D. Mask

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35. Which of the following is more efficient at pre-sterilisation cleaning-

A. Manual cleaning

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B. Instrument washers

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C. Ultrasonic cleaners

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D. Domestic dishwashers

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36. A suitable performance test for Washer/Disinfectors is-

A. Soil test

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B. Aluminium foil test

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C. Spore test

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D. Air removal test

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37. What is true regarding manual cleaning before sterilization-

A. Use of instrument-grade detergent

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B. Use of domestic detergent

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C. Use of a small-handled instrument brush

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D. Use of hot water

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38. The most efficient and simplest means of sterilizing dental instruments is-

A. Ultraviolet light

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B. Steam sterilizing

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C. Dry heat sterilization

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D. Boiling water

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39. The sterilization cycle in a small steam sterilizer is a pre-programmed sequence of operating stages. There are different types of sterilization cycles.

Which one is the most commonly used in a dental practice-

A. Type N

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B. Type B

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C. Type S

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D. Type A

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40. Pre-vacuum sterilizers which run B cycles. A range of tests must be carried out and the results recorded.
One of the tests, The Bowie-Dick type test, provides a challenge that assesses air removal and steam penetration for porous loads.
How often should this test be done-

A. Daily

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B. Weekly

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C. Monthly

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D. Annually

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41. You are using a sterilizer with automatic air leak detection, How often should the Leak rate test (vacuum test) be performed-

A. Daily

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B. Weekly

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C. Monthly

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D. Annually

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42. According to the law, Practices must retain data from steam sterilizer cycles for a minimum-

A. 3 years

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B. 5 years

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C. 7 years

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D. 10 years

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43. Which class of chemical indicator must be either placed in each loading tray being processed or included on the outside of the package to help with the sterilization process-

A. Class 1

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B. Class 2

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C. Class 4

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D. Class 5

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E. Class 6

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44. Biological indicators, or spore tests, are the most accepted means of monitoring sterilization (validation) because they assess the sterilization process directly by killing known highly resistant microorganisms (e.g., Geobacillus or Bacillus species).
How often should this test be done-

A. Daily

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B. Weekly

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C. Monthly

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D. Annually

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45. Which of the following is an appropriate means of thermal disinfection of instruments in dental practice-

A. Small electric ovens

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B. Domestic microwaves

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C. Instrument washer

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D. None of the above

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46. All dental practitioners and clinical support staff require immunization against-

A. Hepatitis A

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B. Hepatitis B

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C. SARS-CoV-2

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D. Tuberculosis

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47. You take a radiograph of a patient using a digital radiography sensor.
How do you plan to implement dental infection prevention and control requirements to prevent cross contamination-

A. Dry the sensor with a paper towel

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B. Clean and then cover the sensor with a barrier

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C. Sterilize the sensor after cleaning it

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D. Use a new sensor for each patient

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48. You take a maxillary impression using a stock tray for the fabrication of complete denture-
How are you planning to decontaminate the impression-

A. Rinse with cold running water and apply a diluted detergent

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B. Rinse with hot running water and apply a diluted detergent

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C. Immersion in 5% sodium hypochlorite solution for 3- 15 mins

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D. Immersion in 2% glutaraldehyde solution for 5 mins

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49. You plan to obturate tooth #46 using Gutta-percha points.
How do you plan to disinfect Gutta-percha points prior to use-

A. Immersion in a sodium bicarbonate solution

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B. Immersion in a alcohol solution

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C. Immersion in a sodium hypochlorite solution

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D. Immersion in a glutaraldehyde solution

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50. After obturation of the above tooth #46, what should be done with the hand files used during the root canal procedure-

A. Manually cleaned and sterilized

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B. Disposed of into a sharps container

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C. Cleaned using high-level (instrument-level) disinfectant

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D. Go through a cycle of thermal disinfection

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51. You plan to reuse rotary NiTi files, what protocol holds true for its decontamination-

A. Insert the files into a scouring sponge soaked with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate aqueous solution

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B. Insert the files into a scouring sponge soaked with 2% glutaraldehyde solution

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C. Insert the files into a scouring sponge soaked with 5% sodium hypochlorite solution

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D. Insert the files into a scouring sponge soaked with water

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52. You are about to extract a tooth in a patient with potential Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) infection,
What additional precaution you need to take with respect to infection control and prevention-

A. Instruments need special reprocessing equipment

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B. Schedule patient as the last patient of the day

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C. Use of surgical respirators (N95 or N99)

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D. None of the above

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53. A person with latent tuberculosis can be treated in the dental office under-

A. Standard infection control precautions

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B. Standard infection control precautions + N95 respirator

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C. Standard infection control precautions + negative pressure room

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D. Cannot be treated in a dental office as it can spread TB bacteria to others

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54. Which of the following is an URGENT nationally notifiable disease-

A. Tuberculosis

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B. Mumps

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C. Measles

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D. Hepatitis B

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55. Patients with these diseases should have their dental treatment deferred until they are no longer infectious-

A. Measles

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B. Mumps

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C. Tuberculosis

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D. All of the above

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56. A patient reports to you with pain & facial swelling with respect to tooth #25. After going through the medical history and conducting risk assessment, the patient seems to be suffering from viral influenza.
What should you do-

A. Give painkillers and call after 2 weeks

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B. Schedule the patient to be seen as the last patient of the day

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C. Give antibiotic prescription and call the patient next day

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D. Avoid the use of a dental dam

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E. Only treat if the patient is immunized against the current strains of influenza

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57. After giving a block injection for the extraction of tooth# 46, you sustain a needlestick injury, what should you do as the first priority-

A. Allow the wound to bleed and clean with soap and water

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B. Squeeze the wound and allow bleeding

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C. Apply topical Iodine solution

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D. Apply Adhesive Bandage

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58. The injured staff member above should be tested soon after the injury to establish their serological status at the time of the exposure for all of the following EXCEPT-

A. HIV antibody

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B. HCV antibody

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C. Anti-HBe

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D. Anti-HBs

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59. When a situation arises where there is a need to know the infectious status of a patient; The source(patient) should be tested for all EXCEPT-

A. Anti-HBs

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B. HIV antibody

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C. HBsAg

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D. HCV antibody

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60. If the source is KNOWN to be positive for Hepatitis B infection and you have never been immunized,
the correct treatment is to-

A. You should be retested at 3 months and follow up

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B. Get single dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) within 48–72 hours

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C. Get first dose of HBV immunization

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D. No need to do anything further until symptoms develop

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61. What is NOT true regarding the use of an instrument washer to reprocess regular dental instruments-

A. It is a form of mechanical cleaning

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B. It is more preferred than ultrasonic cleaners

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C. Use of instrument washers is not mandatory

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D. Also called as thermal disinfectors

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E. None of the above

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62. When should biological indicators (spore tests) be used-

A. Annual microbiological report to confirm functioning of the sterilizer

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B. Change to the packaging being used to wrap instruments

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C. Temporary malfunction of a sterilizer printer

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D. All of the above

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63. Which one of the following cannot be safely reprocessed-

A. A flat plastic instrument

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B. A pair of extraction forceps

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C. A hypodermic needle

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D. A sickle scaler

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64. After successfully donning sterile gloves you will be sure to maintain their sterility by keeping your hands above your-

A. Elbows

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B. Waist

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C. Knee

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D. Chin

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65. Which of the following is NOT considered a good practice when disposing of needles-

A. Recapping the needles

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B. Placing the used needles in a sharps container

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C. Alerting supervisor if a needle-stick occurs

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D. Using a new needle every time

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66. Which of the following are considered to be semicritical instruments-

A. The exposure button

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B. The x-ray control panel

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C. The lead apron

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D. X-ray film-holding devices

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67. Steam sterilization of dental instruments is accomplished at-

A. 134°C for 12 min

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B. 134°C for 3 min

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C. 100°C for 3 min

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D. 100°C for 30 min

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68. What should you do if your hands touch the sink while you are washing your hands-

A. Apply more friction during the procedure

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B. Repeat the procedure

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C. Add more soap to your hands

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D. Continue to wash your hands

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69. What type of products are not intended for use with latex gloves due to their ability to break down the latex and compromise the effectiveness of the product-

A. Antimicrobial surgical scrubs

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B. Alcohol-based hand rubs

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C. Petroleum-based products

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D. Non-dental scented lotion products

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70. What is the proper way to proceed when a patient cannot tolerate the rubber dam placement due to anxiety issues during endodontic therapy-

A. Use cotton isolation to protect gum tissue and the surrounding teeth

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B. Rinse the tooth frequently with chlorhexidine

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C. Apply topical anesthetic around the affected tooth

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D. Treatment cannot be completed without the use of a rubber dam

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E. Convince the patient to extract the tooth instead

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71. In order for an infection to occur, 4 conditions must be present. Which of the following does not accurately describe one of these conditions-

A. Virulence

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B. Number of microorganisms

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C. Portal of entry

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D. Any available host

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72. Which of the following safety measures should be followed when working with the curing light during procedures-

A. There are no additional safety measures that must be taken when working with the curing light, the dental auxiliary must only follow standard precautions

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B. The dental auxiliary should always wear utility gloves when handling the curing light to protect the skin from thermal rays

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C. The dental auxiliary should avoid looking directly at the light emitted from the curing light

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D. The dental auxiliary must ensure they are wearing eye protection and a facemask to protect themselves from the infectious odors emitted from the curing light

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73. Following a report of an exposure incident at the dental office, what does the employer need to do for the exposed employee-

A. The employer should allow the employee 5 days of paid vacation to seek the medical care that the employee deems necessary

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B. The employer must document the incident and provide the affected employee with a confidential verbal and written warning and place this in the employee’s permanent work history

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C. The employer is responsible for alerting all staff members at the office in order to prevent cross-contamination from the potentially infected employee

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D. The employer should provide the employee with a confidential medical evaluation and follow up by a qualified physician

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74. Which of the following is the correct processing protocol for dental handpieces-

A. Pre-cleaned in the ultrasonic and then placed in the chemical vapor sterilization machine

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B. Soaked in a high-level disinfectant for a minimum of 10 hours

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C. Placed in the ultrasonic, wiped off with disinfectant and gauze, and placed in an ethylene oxide sterilization unit

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D. Wiped off with a disinfectant and gauze and then bagged and placed in a heat sterilization machine

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75. How should the dental healthcare worker handle a contaminated impression before it is sent out to the dental laboratory-

A. It must be sterilized in a chemiclave prior to packaging

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B. Impressions should be rinsed with warm water and soap, as intermediate-level disinfectants lead to distortion of the impression

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C. It should be cleaned to remove any bioburden present, disinfected, rinsed, and packaged

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D. The impression should be soaked in a high-level disinfectant for a minimum of 10 minutes and rinsed prior to packaging

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Infection control mock exam

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